BIO 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Messenger Rna, Protein Structure, Fibroin
6 Feb 2018
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This process amplifies: 1 gene for fibroin (silk, 10^4 copies of rna, 10^5 molecules of protein per rna, 10^9 protein from 1 gene. Types of rna: messenger rna (mrna, transfer rna (trna, ribosomal rna (rrna, microrna and short interfering (sirna) regulate gene expression, small nuclear rnas (snrna) involved in splicing, and others. Genetic code is read in sets of 3 nucleotides called codons (4 nucleotides) ^3 = 64 combinations which encode for 20 amino acids: three of these possible codons specify the termination of the polypeptide chai(cid:374). They are called (cid:862)stop codo(cid:374)s. (cid:863) that leaves (cid:1010)1 codons to specify only 20 different amino acids. The genetic code is degenerate = several codons can code for the same amino acid. Translation results in a specific polymer of amino acids = protein. Genetic code can be read in 3 reading frames. Consists of almost 100 proteins and a special ribosomal rna (rrna)
