PSY 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Functional Fixedness, Problem Solving, Psy
22 Mar 2017
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A problem occurs when there is an obstacle between a present state and a goal and it is not immediately obvious how to get around the obstacle. Types of problems: well-defined problems, correct answer, certain procedures will lead to solution, e. g. , math: 2 + 2 = 4, ill-defined problems, e. g. , finding an apartment. Insight: classic gestalt research: path to solution is unclear, no one (cid:498)correct(cid:499) answer, a sudden realization of a problem"s solution, an (cid:498)a-ha! (cid:499) moment. Gestalt psychologists: insight problems: formal approaches: more recent work. Used tool (stick) to pull bananas into cage. Kohler: problems are solved by insight: suddenly. Suddenly, sultan put the 2 sticks together and solved this problem. Requires considering problem elements in relation to other elements framing the problem. A frame of mind that leads to a particular way or representing or solving a problem. Dunker"s radiation problem (cid:523)gick & (olyoak 1980, 1983)
