ANT 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Economic Stratification, Ascribed Status, Social Stratification
19 Jan 2018
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Bands: political organization related by kinship who live in groups, multiple bands come together as needed: no social stratification, egalitarian, foraging. Tribe: several bans (thousands of people), share language and lifestyle, occupy distinct land: 15,000 years ago (tribal head man) has leader; for authority, enforcement, fix problems. Is segmented but forms confederacy when trouble arises. Foraging: hunting and gathering food, stereotyped; men would bring home all the food when in reality women brought more food of fruits vegetables and nuts. Horticulture: planting fruit and vegetables, mixed crops: not big planes of land for crops, looks like a mess, have land stay unused to have minerals come back, not indefinitely sustainable, land subsistence. Pastoralism: domestication of herding animals: use animals for transportation, meat, milk or blood, types of animals: sheep, goats, horses, donkeys and cattle, yaks, reindeers, llamas, made trade links with settled populations, highly extensive system, nomadism. Chiefdoms: political group of a permanently built villages, large pops, centrally complex.
