NSD 225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Maltose, Hemicellulose, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
20 Sep 2016
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Define, fill in missing word/phrase from your reading of chapter 5. Found in fruits, honey, and corn syrup: galactose. Primary sugar in milk and dairy products. Provides glucose when blood glucose levels get low. Most stored in our skeletal muscle and the liver. Carbohydrate loading: maximizing muscle and liver glycogen to enhance endurance. Eating a high carbohydrate diet can delay fatigue. Digestion: breaking down carbohydrates into simple sugars. Salivary amylase begins digestion of carbohydrates: no carbohydrate digestion, highly specific. Some carbohydrates remain intact, such as fiber and resistant starch: absorption: the small intestine swings into action. End products of carbohydrate digestion: glucose, galactose glucose. Carbohydrates in action: glucose is our primary fuel, maintain normal blood glucose levels, excess glucose is stored as glycogen. Liver: muscle tissue, using glucose for energy. Sparing body protein: adequate carbohydrates spare proteins. Ketosis dehydration: regulating blood glucose, why, to maintain energy supply for cells. Controlled by hormones: blood glucose levels, regulating blood glucose, glucagon.
