GEOL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Alpine Fault, Mariana Islands, Global Positioning System

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Continental drift - 1915 alfred wegener"s hypothesis that challenged the belief that the positions of the continents and oceans were xed. 1960s led to theory of plate tectonics. Harry hess he suggested new oceanic crust was being created in ridges. Supercontinent - consisted of all of earth"s landmasses once existed. Objections to continental drift: wegener had an inability to identify a credible mechanism for the drift, incorrectly proposed gravitational forces of the moon and sun, incorrectly proposed continents broke through the ocean like ice breakers, therefore rejected. This comes from dead organisms sinking to the bottom, there is less density of sediment at the ridge, and more density away from the ridge because it is newly being formed. Broken into approximately 24 smaller sections called lithospheric plates which are in constant motion. Asthenosphere - hotter, weaker region of the mantle under the lithosphere.

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