HLTH 331 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Physical Therapy, Herd Immunity
COMMUNITY HEALTH - HLTH 331 - EXAM NOTES
Monday, October 1, 2018
The Epidemiologic Approach in Community
●Purposes of Epidemiology
●Mortality = death → not used to estimate degree of risk individual has of dying
○Crude mortality = (# deaths in year)/(# people in pop.) x 100,000
○Infant mortality = (# infant deaths in year)/(# live births in year.) x 1,000
○Disease-specific mortality = (# disease deaths)/(# people in pop.) x 100,000
○Age-specific = (# deaths in age group)/(# people in age group) x 100,000
○Age-adjusted mortality = Sum(Age-specific mortality x standard proportion)
■Standard proportion = proportion of people in corresponding age
groups of standard population
●Morbidity = illness; causes have shifted over time; non-infectious disease more common
than infectious
○Incidence = # new cases of specific disease among specific group of people in
specific period of time
■(# new cases of disease)/(# people at risk) period of time x 100,000
○Attack rate = proportion of disease-free population that develop specific disease
over specific period of time
■(# people sick)/(# people sick & well) period of time x 100
○Prevalence = total # cases (not just new ones) of specific disease among specific
group of people in specific period of time
■(# people with disease)/(average # people) period of time x 100,000
●Life Expectancy
●Sources of Data
○Primary
■An active process of collecting information through research
○Secondary
■Previously collected and archived information
●Primary Data Collection Methods
○Cross-Sectional Study =
○Cohort Study =
■
○Case-Control Study =
○Experimental Study =
●Common Secondary Sources
○Disease registry
○Population Surveys
○National Survey of…
Document Summary
= # new cases of specific disease among specific group of people in. (# new cases of disease)/(# people at risk) period of time x 100,000. = proportion of disease-free population that develop specific disease over specific period of time. (# people sick)/(# people sick & well) period of time x 100. = total # cases (not just new ones) of specific disease among specific group of people in specific period of time. (# people with disease)/(average # people) period of time x 100,000. Community health - hlth 331 - exam notes. = death not used to estimate degree of risk individual has of dying. = (# deaths in year)/(# people in pop. ) x 100,000. = (# infant deaths in year)/(# live births in year. ) x 1,000. = (# disease deaths)/(# people in pop. ) x 100,000. = (# deaths in age group)/(# people in age group) x 100,000. = proportion of people in corresponding age.