BIO 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Citric Acid Cycle, Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate, Anaerobic Respiration
Document Summary
Coupled reactions: exergonic reactions always require coupling to endergonic reactions to help them react, substrate level phosphorylation, metabolic reaction that results in the formation of atp by the direct transfer of a phosphoryl (po3) group to. Irreversible reaction: endergonic = high energy state, doesn"t (cid:449)ant to go (cid:271)a(cid:272)k to that high energy state on(cid:272)e it a(cid:272)hie(cid:448)es low energy, hexokinase, present in most tissue cells. Low km-> reaches max velocity at low glucose: step 2, step 3. Irreversible reaction: phosphofructokinase, rate limiting enzyme, main control point in glycolysis. Inhibited by atp (high km: when the cell has sufficient energy (high atp) -> turns off glycolysis, activated by amp, when the cell needs energy (high. Anaerobic respiration: occurs when o2 is depleted in the cell. Have the capacity to tolerate some ethanol. Make atp in the absence of o2. Alcohol is produced by the reduction of acetaldehyde.
