BIOL 2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology, Uracil, Ribosomal Rna

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21 Feb 2018

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A copy of mrna is made that is complementary to a strand of dna. Sequence of bases in dna or rna makes up the genetic code. All 3 types of rna are involved in translation mrna, rrna, and trna. To transcribe (cid:373)ea(cid:374)s (cid:862)to paraphrase or su(cid:373)(cid:373)arize i(cid:374) writi(cid:374)g. (cid:863) the i(cid:374)for(cid:373)atio(cid:374) i(cid:374) dna is transcribed or summarized into a smaller version rna that can be used by the cell. The process in which cells make proteins is called protein synthesis. It actually consists of 2 processes: transcription and translation. It uses dna as a template to make an rna molecule. Rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Translation reads the genetic code in mrna and makes a protein. Transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: dna rna. It is the transfer of genetic instructions in dna to messenger rna (mrna).

Related Questions

When we use DNA to code for a protein, we call the process Transcription and Translation. Below are descriptions of processes that happen when we use DNA to code for a protein. Match the description of each process with the correct term - either Transcription or Translation.

1.A ribosome reads the mRNA and builds a protein from amino acids.
2.A copy is made of a gene in RNA
3.The primary transcript is modified: introns are removed and the transcript gets a cap and a tail
4.tRNA carries amino acids to a ribosome
5.The DNA unwinds, exposing the gene to be copied.

Order the following choices to examine the process of transcription.

- RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of DNA adding complementary RNA nucleotides, extending the mRNA.

-RNA polymerase binds at the promoter region just upstream from the gene.

-RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA at the promoter site and begins to transcribe the template strand of DNA.

-Transcription continues until a termination site in the DNA is reached.

-The mRNA transcript is released.

If the bold term in each statement is correct hen write the letter C next to it. if the term is incorrect then replace it with the correct term.

The nucleotide bases found only in RNA and not in DNA is thymine.

The class of RNA molecules that carries the amino acids that are added to the growing polypeptide chain is tRNA.

During translation immediately after the first and second tRNA molecules become attached side by side on the mRNA., a hydrogen bond is formed between adjacent amino acids.

In the genetic code, 20 bases on the DNA code for a single amino acid.

The major lipid involved is transcription is RNA polymerase.

The one strand of DNA used as a template in the making of mRNA during transcription, is the template strand.

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BIOL 2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology, Uracil, Ribosomal Rna

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