BIOL 2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Ionic Bonding, Dehydration Reaction, Hydrogen Bond

• School: Temple University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 2001
• Professor: Bricker

Document Summary

Chem = study of interactions between atoms and molecules. Atom = smallest unit of matter cannot be subdivided. Electron shells = electrons arranged based on energy levels. Valence = number of missing or extra electrons in the outermost shell. Chemical bonds = attractive forces between atomic nuclei. Ionic bond = attractions between ions of opposite charge. Ions = charged atoms that have gained or lost electrons. Cations = atoms that lose electrons (positive) Anions = atoms that gain electrons (negative) Covalent bonds = 2+ atoms share one or more pairs of elections. Stronger and more common in organisms than ionic bonds. Hydrogen bonds = h atom covalently bonded to o or n and attracted to another n or o from another molecule. Chemical reaction = making or breaking of bonds between atoms. Change in chemical energy occurs during chem reaction. Synthesis rxn = atoms, ions, or molecules combine to form new, larger molecules.