BIOL 4376 Lecture Notes - Lecture 38: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium, Bacilli
3 Jul 2020
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Characteristics: non-motile, rod-shaped, non-spore forming obligate aerobic bacteria, acid-fast bacilli, slow-growing on culture, waxy, hydrophilic, high lipid content, outermost lipopolysaccharide layer replaced with mycolic acids. Characteristics: obligate aerobic, acid-fast pathogen that can infect a wide variety of animals, principal host: humans, non-motile, non-encapsulated, resistant to chemical disinfectants and drying agents. Clinical implications: transmitted via aerosolized respiratory secretions, tuberculosis (tb, cough with sputum production and blood, chest pain, weakness, weight loss, fever, night sweats. Pathogenesis: bacilli contained in macrophages, tubercle bacilli multiply and escape the macrophage causing active infection. Symptoms: no symptoms, positive reaction to tuberculin skin or tb blood test, normal chest x-ray and negative sputum test, cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats, hemoptysis, positive skin test, abnormal chest x-ray or positive sputum. Characteristic: not infectious, need treatment to prevent active disease, infectious, requires treatment, can be fatal if not treatment.
