EES 0836 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Unified Atomic Mass Unit, Deuterium, Electronvolt
3 Apr 2016
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0. 7% of mass disappears, transforming to energy. 1 a. m. u. (atomic mass unit) is 1. 6605 10-27 kg. Multiply by c2 to get 4. 12(cid:1)10-12 j. 1 mole (6. 022(cid:1)1023 particles) of protons (cid:1) 2. 5(cid:1)1012 j. Nuclear fusion is ~20 million times more potent stuff! Works out to 150 million kilocalories per gram: compare to 16 million kcal/g uranium, 10 kcal/g gasoline, artificial fusion, 16 million degrees in sun"s center is just enough to keep the process going. But sun is huge, so it seems prodigious: in laboratory, need higher temperatures still to get worthwhile rate of fusion events. Like 100 million degrees: bottleneck in process is the reaction: 1h + 1h 2h + e+ + (cid:1) (or proton-proton (cid:1) deuteron: better off starting with deuterium plus tritium. 2h and 3h, sometimes called 2d and 3t. But give up some energy: starting higher on binding energy graph: then:
