SOC 0833 Lecture 8: Race and Diversity 10:10

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31 Oct 2016
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Monday, October 10, 2016
Race and Diversity
The European Colonization of Africa
The Colonization of Africa = “The First Scramble for Africa”
Before 1880: European presence confined to a few coastal zones
Between 1880 - 1900: European colonization of Africa (except Liberia & Ethiopia)
Berlin Conference: November 15, 1884 - January 30, 1885
Several European nations met in order share “the African cake” amongst
themselves and avoid an open conflict
On February 26, 1885 the Berlin Act is signed which laid down the rules for partition
Participating countries…
Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Belgium
U.S. = Observing country
Reasons for Scramble:
1. Economic Reasons
Create new markets for European goods
Demand for raw materials
Need for areas to invest surplus capitals
Surplus of working power in Europe - looked for employment abroad
2. Political Reasons
Rise of European nationalism
!1
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Document Summary

The colonization of africa = the first scramble for africa . Before 1880: european presence con ned to a few coastal zones. Between 1880 - 1900: european colonization of africa (except liberia & ethiopia) Monday, october 10, 2016: cultural reasons, domination of others is a must (racism) Working de nition of a colony: a multidimensional space that must be controlled for the colonizers goals to be met . ** all dimensions are related: a colony as a physical space, settler colonies (kenya, africa, a colony as a social space, creation of social institutions will allow europeans to rule. Direct rule: highly centralized authority/all decisions made in the metropole (france, portugal) It worked well, mining industries experienced a spectacular book all under the exclusive monopoly of european mining companies. !2: in return, africa received manufactured goods from europe (textiles, foods, building materials, motor vehicles, bicycles and other household items)

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