SOC 0833 Lecture 8: Race and Diversity 10:10
Monday, October 10, 2016
Race and Diversity
The European Colonization of Africa
The Colonization of Africa = “The First Scramble for Africa”
Before 1880: European presence confined to a few coastal zones
Between 1880 - 1900: European colonization of Africa (except Liberia & Ethiopia)
Berlin Conference: November 15, 1884 - January 30, 1885
•Several European nations met in order share “the African cake” amongst
themselves and avoid an open conflict
•On February 26, 1885 the Berlin Act is signed which laid down the rules for partition
•Participating countries…
•Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Belgium
•U.S. = Observing country
Reasons for Scramble:
1. Economic Reasons
•Create new markets for European goods
•Demand for raw materials
•Need for areas to invest surplus capitals
•Surplus of working power in Europe - looked for employment abroad
2. Political Reasons
•Rise of European nationalism
!1
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Document Summary
The colonization of africa = the first scramble for africa . Before 1880: european presence con ned to a few coastal zones. Between 1880 - 1900: european colonization of africa (except liberia & ethiopia) Monday, october 10, 2016: cultural reasons, domination of others is a must (racism) Working de nition of a colony: a multidimensional space that must be controlled for the colonizers goals to be met . ** all dimensions are related: a colony as a physical space, settler colonies (kenya, africa, a colony as a social space, creation of social institutions will allow europeans to rule. Direct rule: highly centralized authority/all decisions made in the metropole (france, portugal) It worked well, mining industries experienced a spectacular book all under the exclusive monopoly of european mining companies. !2: in return, africa received manufactured goods from europe (textiles, foods, building materials, motor vehicles, bicycles and other household items)