Geography GEO 1310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Sub-Saharan Africa, Transhumance, Malaria
Sub-Saharan Africa
• World’s fastest growing region
• Culturally complex
• Rapidly growing economies
Physical Geography
• Largest landmass
• Great Lift Valley
• Assets: biodiversity, water resources and mineral wealth
• Poor soils, drought
Plateaus and Basins
• Higher elevations in southern and eastern Africa
• Mt. Kilimanjaro
• Victoria Falls
• Watersheds (Congo, Niger, Nile, Zambezi rivers)
• Soils – infertile, but volcanic are most productive
Climate and vegetation
• Deserts
• Savanna – trees used for biofuels
• Tropical Rainforests – commercial logging of tropical rainforests
Horn of Africa (eastern side of Africa)
• Drought
• Famine
• Political turmoil
• Ethnic warfare
Environmental issues
• Drought…. Duh
• Desertification – spread of desert. Spread of agriculture. Sahel
• Sea level rises
• Pollution
• Greenbelt Movements – introduction of bamboo
Transhumance – move with grazing animals depending on grazing seasons
Energy Issues
• Regional energy shortages
• Foreign investment in oil and gas production and manufacturing
• OPEC members (Nigeria)
Wildlife Conservation
• Declining wildlife due to population pressure, political instability and poverty
• Threatened rhinos
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Document Summary
Sub-saharan africa: world"s fastest growing region, culturally complex, rapidly growing economies. Physical geography: largest landmass, great lift valley, assets: biodiversity, water resources and mineral wealth, poor soils, drought. Plateaus and basins: higher elevations in southern and eastern africa, mt. Kilimanjaro: victoria falls, watersheds (congo, niger, nile, zambezi rivers, soils infertile, but volcanic are most productive. Climate and vegetation: deserts, savanna trees used for biofuels, tropical rainforests commercial logging of tropical rainforests. Horn of africa (eastern side of africa: drought, famine, political turmoil, ethnic warfare. Sahel: sea level rises, pollution, greenbelt movements introduction of bamboo. Transhumance move with grazing animals depending on grazing seasons. Energy issues: regional energy shortages, foreign investment in oil and gas production and manufacturing, opec members (nigeria) Wildlife conservation: declining wildlife due to population pressure, political instability and poverty, threatened rhinos. Geopolitical framework: origins of human ancestors, over 1,000 different languages.