NSG 3336 Lecture Notes - Lecture 66: Rectal Examination, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Urinary Retention
Document Summary
Epidemiology = noted in about 25% of 40 year old men and approximately 75% of 70 year old men, and equally affects men of all races. Pathophysiology = prostate is donut shaped and surround the urethra and when enlarged it pinches the urethra, interfering with the ow of urine from the bladder. Theory > change in balance between estrogen and testosterone or accumulation of male hormone dht, and a high intake of calories, protein, calcium, and polyunsaturated fats. Bladder outlet obstruction may occur if left untreated. Acute urinary retention = urethra blocked by enlarged prostate obstructing urine ow. Uti = secondary to urinary statis; may exacerbate to pyelonephritis. Bladder stones = mineral deposits causing infection, irritation of bladder, blood in the urine, and obstructed ow of urine. Bladder damage = stretching and weakening of the bladder wall muscles from complete emptying- bladder can not longer contract properly.
