BSC 116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Mucin, Three-Way Junction, Cecum
9 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
It is in the small intestine where digested nutrients are absorbed. Animals are heterotrophs: animals are heterotrophs: must eat other organisms for energy and raw materials, different modes herbivores: eat plants/algae carnivores: eat other animals omnivores: eat both. There are four main stages of food processing. Digestion: breaking down food to usable molecules includes mechanical digestion: chewing breaks food. Can"t assimilate whole macromolecules: must be small enough to pass thru membranes, etc. into smaller pieces. Enzymatic hydrolysis: digestive enzymes break chemical bonds; produce water and monomers: absorption: cells take up digestive products, elimination: removal of unassimilated waste. The anatomy of feeding varies among animal groups: various modes of ingestion. Bulk feeders: eat large pieces of food. Fluid feeders: eat other organisms" body fluids. Substrate feeders: ingest substrate, eliminate most of it: various guts (or lack thereof): localization of the digestive process. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum & anus.
