APY 345 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Central Sulcus, Brainstem, Coevolution

• School: University at Buffalo
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: APY 345
• Professor: Sirianni Joyce

Document Summary

Know all bones and side if have a l/r. Superior orbital fissure (cn iii, iv, v, vi) Inferior orbital fissure: cranial development: two pathways of ossification: Cartilaginous (endochondral cartilage later replaced by bone)= cartilage chondrocranium: limb bones, vertebrae, sternum, ribs, parts of occipital, temporalis, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, ear bones, nasal conchae, lacrimals, zygomatics. Intramembranous (membranous bone laid down)= no cartilage: many flat bones, clavicles, frontal, parietals, nasals, maxilla, vomer, palatine, most of mandible, portions of sphenoid, temporals & occipital. Fontanelles: soft spot on baby"s head, l/r frontal, l/r mandible, anterior fontanelle, l/r parietal, posterior fontanelle. Cranial sutures: coronal suture separates parietals & frontal, sagittal suture l & r parietals, lambdoid suture parietals & occipital, squamosal suture temporal and parietal, evolution of the primate skull: Orbital convergence eye orbits more from side of head to anteriorly placed; sniffers->seers. Reinforcement of mandible-- size & changes in eating habits. Prognthic (snout is reduced: macaque (anthropoid)