BIO 205 Lecture Notes - Lecture 34: Citric Acid Cycle, Portal Vein, Lymphatic System

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Lecture 34: Fatty acid metabolism: breakdown and
synthesis
Beta-oxidation of fatty acids: transport and catabolism
1. Transport of nutrients into intestinal cells
a. Shot FA’s diffuse aoss lipid membranes
b. Log FA’s euie speial taspotes to help the ete the
epithelial cells
c. Oe iside, lipids ae oied with glyeol to ake TAG’s
which are chylomicrons particles released in the lymph system
2. Villi: anatomy
a. Transfer monosaccharides, aio aids, ad sall FA’s
b. Transfer large chylomicrons to lacteal vessels in the villi which
drain into lymph vessels in the submucosal layer under the villi
3. Transport of nutrients to the circulatory system
a. Capillaries carry nutrients to the hepatic portal vein, which
enters the liver
4. Caitie shuttle: igs FA’s ito itohodio
a. Transports FA
b. FA-S-CoA + HO-carnitine -> FA-O-carnitine + HS-CoA
c. Net effect:
i. FA-S-CoA -> FA-S-CoA
ii. Outside -> inside
5. Beta-oxidation steps resemble Krebs cycle steps
a. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
b. Enoyl-CoA hydratase
c. B- hydroacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
d. Thiolase
e. Succinate -> fumurate -> malate -> OAA
6. ATP yields for oxidation of palmitate (16 carbon FA)
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