NTR 109 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: High Fructose Corn Syrup, Glucose Tolerance Test, Starch
Document Summary
Types of carbohydrates: monosaccharides: glucose, fructose, galactose. Broken down when blood glucose level are low. Assist cells in drawing glucose out of blood. Dietary fiber: non-digestible parts of plants that form the support structures of leaves, stems & seeds. Functional fiber: non-digestible forms of cho that are extracted from plants / manufactured in a laboratory. Added to foods / used in fiber supplements. Benefits: may risk of colon cancer - binds cancer causing substances & speeds elimination. Risk of heart disease - binds & excretes bile, use cholesterol to make new bile. Enhance weight loss - fiber absorbs water, promotes fullness. Low risk of type 2 diabetes - slows release of glucose into bloodstream. 14 g of fiber for every 1,000 kcals consumed. Adequate intake: women = 25 g per day, men = 38 g per day, most eat 12-18 grams per day. Select areas made with whole grains - wheat, oats, barley or rye.
