PSY 341 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Knowledge Base, Functional Fixedness
8 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Experts typically better in area of expertise. Development requires real effort: no pain, no gain. Estimates related to amount of knowledge required. Chess experts: approximately 50,000 hours to acquire all individual patterns/moves (2) skill maintenance, transfer and generalization (3) mental set effects. Rich, well-organized memory structures (e. g. chess) (2) knowledge base (3) problem representation. Can call upon knowledge to classify problems and choose appropriate algorithms: use abstract representations such as force and momentum, choose more useful starting points for solution. Fewer and less organized memory structures to draw on to solve problems. Insufficient knowledge for correctly classifying problems: analogize problem parts to real world objects (pulleys, levers, blocks, means-end reduction strategy (4) attention to structural. Appreciate structural similarity distracted by surface similarity (5) initial state elaboration (6) speed and efficiency similarities in problems. Tend not to look for info relevant to initial states/constraints. Likely to notice relevant info about initial states/see constraints.
