BSCI 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Electron Transport Chain, Mitochondrion

70 views4 pages

plumfly698

3 Nov 2016

School

University of Maryland

Department

Biological Sciences Program

Course

BSCI 106

Professor

Marcia Shofner

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Cellular respiration and fermentation study guide (chapter 9) Section 1 (concept 7. 1-7. 3: define or describe the following terms: Oxidation- the loss of electrons from one substance in a redox reaction. Reduction- the addition of electrons to another substance in a redox reaction. Electron transport chain- a number of molecules, mostly proteins, built into the inner membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and the plasma membrane of aerobically respiring prokaryotes. Nad+/nadh- a coenzyme where hydrogen atoms are passed to first before being transferred to oxygen. Transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another in a chemical reaction. , also called oxidation-reduction reactions: write out the summary chemical equation of aerobic respiration in words. Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy. Write out the summary chemical equation of aerobic respiration using chemical formulas, C6h12o6 (s) + 6 o2 (g) " 6 co2(g) + 6 h2o (l) + heat.

Related Questions

Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true?

	A.	Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria, and cellular respiration occurs in chloroplasts.
	B.	Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, and cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.
	C.	Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria and in chloroplasts.

Question 2

How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration?

	A.	They produce glucose
	B.	The energy is coupled to oxygen
	C.	They produce ATP

Question 3

During redox reactions

	A.	the loss of electrons from one molecule is called reduction
	B.	electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance
	C.	protons from one molecule replace the electrons lost from another molecule

Question 4

Oxidation is the ________, and reduction is the ________.

	A.	gain of oxygen; loss of oxygen
	B.	loss of electrons; gain of electrons
	C.	gain of protons; loss of protons

Question 5

During cellular respiration, NADH

	A.	delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule.
	B.	is chemically converted into ATP
	C.	is the final electron acceptor

Question 6

A drug is tested in the laboratory and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes. Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit

	A.	the citric acid cycle only.
	B.	glycolysis only
	C.	the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 7

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

	A.	glycolysis
	B.	the citric acid cycle
	C.	electron transport chain

Question 8

Which of the following is a result of glycolysis?

	A.	production of CO2
	B.	a net loss of two ATPs per glucose molecule
	C.	conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds

_____What is added to a molecule such as ADP when it is phosphorylated?

_____ An anaerobic process in which pyruvate is converted to lactate

_____ A biochemical process that breaks down food molecules to produce other molecules for cellular maintenance.

_____What is the final end product of Glycolysis?

_____ Refers to the potential energy provided by a large hydrogen-cation concentration gradient, and itâs movement across a biological membrane during chemiosmosis.

_____ A molecule that transfers or shuttles electrons during redox reactions.

_____ An organism that can survive in the presence or absence of oxygen.

_____ A type of enzyme that teams with NAD⁺ to remove hydrogen atoms with their electrons.

_____ The loss of electrons from one molecule to another.

_____ A process in which ATP is produced using the energy stored in concentration gradients.

_____ The products produced during a biochemical reaction that fall between the starting molecule and the end product.

_____ Biochemical process in which a glucose molecule is degraded to two pyruvates.

_____ Short for âreduction/oxidationâ reactions

_____How many pyruvate molecules are produced from a single Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate?

_____ The formation of ATP occurring when an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from an organic molecule to ADP.

_____ Organisms that will die in the presence of oxygen.

_____ A term referring to the presence of oxygen.

_____ A series of electron-carrier molecules that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.

_____ A biochemical process in which pyruvate is produced without the presence of oxygen.

20._____ The metabolic cycle that is fueled by Acetyl CoEnzyme A; occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria and supplies most of the NADH molecules that carry energy to the electron transport chain.

_____What is the chemical formula for Cellular Respiration?

_____What environmental condition is necessary for Anaerobic Respiration to occur?

_____Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur in the mitochondria?

_____Where does Glycolysis occur in a cell?

_____ An anaerobic process in which CO₂ is released as a byproduct and ethanol is produced as a product.

_____Where does the Krebs cycle occur in the mitochondria?

_____ The gain of electrons from one molecule to another.

_____ A high-energy fuel molecule that begins the Citric Acid Cycle.

_____What condition is necessary of Aerobic Respiration to occur?

_____ A term referring to the absence of oxygen.

_____What compound is derived from B vitamins, and helps the Acetyl portion of Acetyl CoA into the Krebs Cycle?

_____What is the name of the molecule that channels protons, providing the energy necessary to phosphorylate ADP to ATP?

_____In the blank, write the number of ATP^âs that can be synthesized from 3 NADH molecules.

_____In the blank, write the number of ATP^âs that can be synthesized from a single FADH₂ molecule.

_____What is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration?

_____What molecule is regenerated during the process of the Krebs Cycle?

_____What enzyme is used to catalyzed the reaction that occurs during the formation of Acetyl CoA?

_____How many pyruvates are produced from a single glucose molecule?

_____How many Acetyl CoA molecules are produced from a single glucose molecule?

_____What is the reduced form of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide?

_____What is the oxidized form of Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide?

42._____ A membrane protein that is used in conjunction with chemiosmosis to produced ATP.

I know that this alot of questions, but it's kinda a last ditch effort. these are the last 42 definitions i have left to answer out of 500 question for my final exam study guide. so whatever help i can get is fine. No explanations needed just what each definition is explaining and thanks in advance ladies and gentlemen.

scarletlocust623

1. Write the overall equation for the BALANCED aerobic cellular respiration reaction. Write the chemical (molecular) formulas AND names of the molecules. Label the reaction as endergonic or exergonic. Label products and reactants and state in which process(es) each product or reactant comes into play (Glycolysis, Krebs, ETC)

2. Write the overall equation for the BALANCED photosynthesis reaction. Write the chemical formulas AND names of the molecules. Label the reaction as endergonic or exergonic. Label products and reactants and state in which process(es) each product or reactant comes into play (light reactions, Calvin cycle).

3. Explain how the products and reactants of cellular respiration are related to the products and reactants of photosynthesis. Be specific. Explain why plants must do both reactions and people do not.

4. Why is cellular respiration essential to life?

5. Why is photosynthesis essential to ALL life â not just plant life? Think of two big reasons!

6. How is photophosphorylation (not photosynthesis) similar and different than oxidative phosphorylation? Write a compare and contrast answer. You must have at least 2 similarities and 2 differences. This must be written as a paragraph and not a list. When you state a difference for one, give how the other is different too!

7. An electron transport chain (ETC) chain is essential for cellular respiration. What is the function of the ETC in cellular respiration? Draw a diagram illustrating the ETC in cellular respiration.

8. An ETC chain connects PSII and PSI. What is the function of electron flow from PSII to PSI? Draw the Z-scheme illustrating the ETC in photosynthesis.

9. The inner membrane of a mitochondrion has lots of folds, or cristae, giving it lots of surface area for electron transport chains. Suppose the inner membrane was smooth instead, how would this affect cellular respiration?

10. The chloroplast has a couple of different spaces â the lumen of the thylakoid and the stroma. Explain why it is essential to have these spaces separated by membranes.

BSCI 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Electron Transport Chain, Mitochondrion

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIO 191 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Facultative Anaerobic Organism, Atp Synthase, Electrochemical Gradient

BIO 311C Chapter 9: Ch9 Cellular Respiration

PSYC 2000 Chapter : Chapter 9

Related Questions