BSCI 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Asymmetric Carbon, Enantiomer, Covalent Bond
16 Feb 2018
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Document Summary
Variation in the carbon backbone: a large diversity of organic molecules can be created by variations in the carbon backbone. Rings: isomers have the same atoms, but in different arrangements. Structural isomers differ in covalent arrangements of atoms and positions of double bonds. Geometric isomers same covalent organization, but differ in arrangement around carbon backbone. Stable geometric isomers result from inflexibility of double bonds. Enantiomers - mirror image isomers that differ in arrangement of groups around a central asymmetric carbon. Carbon is bonded with 4 different side groups so it can"t be rotated to look the same in any dimension. Ex. left and right hand can"t look exactly the same: increase molecular diversity, alters reactivity and chemical properties, figure 4-9 page 64 in textbook. Formed by dehydration synthesis and broken by hydrolysis: polysaccharides polymers of many sugar molecules linked by glycosidic linkages formed by dehydration synthesis. Starch (plants: polymer of glucose, helical, mostly unbranched (amylose)
