KNES 293 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Sex Verification In Sports, Pseudoscience, Physical Culture
13 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Saving vital fluids: the science of female physical inferiority: mcdonagh and pappano (2008) explain disparities within physical culture have been justified through beliefs surrounding the 3 i"s. Inferiority: men are assumed to be physically superior to women and to have a natural advantage. Inferiority & sex testing: to ensure only females can compete in women"s sport, sport governing bodies have demanded that athletes submit to sex verification testing to prove that they are female. Immorality: the idea of women competing against men was seen to undermine traditional gender roles, especially if women displayed masculine traits and were victorious, morality concern also centered on sexuality. Injury: based on the perceived need to protect females from irreversible injuries, women were denied equal opportunities to compete in sports and resources for physical activity, sports for females were modified to limit exertion, aggression, and physical contact.
