MIEH 400 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Safe Sex, Respiratory Tract Infection, Demographic Transition

• School: University of Maryland
• Department: Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health
• Course: MIEH 400
• Professor: sapkota

Document Summary

Epidemiological transition: epidemics receding; pandemics ncd (non-communicable diseases) Demographic transition: high birth rate/death rate low birth/death rates. Nutritional transition: high vegetable/grain/non-processed foods processed foods w/ added sugar, saturated fats, sodium; also hunger/obesity paradox. O(cid:448)e(cid:396)populatio(cid:374) is leadi(cid:374)g to the hu(cid:373)a(cid:374) populatio(cid:374) e(cid:454)(cid:272)eedi(cid:374)g the pla(cid:374)et"s (cid:272)a(cid:396)(cid:396)(cid:455)i(cid:374)g (cid:272)apa(cid:272)it(cid:455) (cid:894)k: 10-12 billion during 21st century, urban crowding, further stressing natural and infrastructural resources. Three stages of demographic transition: stage 1: population mostly young, fertile, mortality rates are high. Population remains small: stage 2: mortality rates drop, fertility rates high. Rapid increase in population esp among younger age groups: stage 3: fertility drops and causes a more even distribution of population according to age/sex. Stage 1 (left), stage 2 (middle), stage 3 (right) Us life expectancy dropped 12/8/16: gbd: global burden of disease. Measu(cid:396)e the gap (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) (cid:272)u(cid:396)(cid:396)e(cid:374)t health of (cid:449)o(cid:396)ld"s populatio(cid:374) a(cid:374)d a(cid:374) ideal scenario (everyone reaching ideal life expectancy in full health)