MIEH 400 Lecture 9: Communicable Diseases

• School: University of Maryland
• Department: Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health
• Course: MIEH 400
• Professor: sapkota

Document Summary

Leading causes of global childhood deaths in 2013: Tuberculosis: 2 billion people infected, not everyone develops disease, some can be carriers, spread by contact to contact, active and latent stages. Latent cannot spread disease: diagnostic tests but not always 100% accurate. Impact of hiv on tb: tb harder to diagnose, tb progresses faster, tb is almost certain to be fatal if undiagnosed/untreated, tb occurs earlier in the course of hiv than many other. Tb control: challenges for tuberculosis control, mdr-tb: about 450,000 new cases annually, xdr-tb: cases confirmed in south africa, weak healthy systems, tb and hiv, global plan to stop tb 2006-2015. Investment of bil by us: six step strategy. Interventions such as quarantine measures may aggravate the social disruption. Human security concerns: potential magnitude and rapid spread of outbreak/pandemic, no country/region can contain a full outbreak of avian influenza, bioterrorism/intentional outbreaks, anthrax, small pox, new & re-emerging diseases, ebola, tb (mdr-tb and xdr-tb)