NFSC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Bioavailability, Dominance (Genetics), Sickle-Cell Disease
2 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Three major types: messanger rna (mrna) Required for translation: ribosome rna (rrna) Nutrient regulation of gene expression in: genetic level, epigenetic level. Nutrient regulation of gene expression and transcriptional level. Nutrient regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Iron: directly regulates the translation of iron metabolizing protein, overdone degrades mrna and decreases protein expression, vice versa in iron de ciency. Defects in genetic code causes nutrition related diseases: sickle cell disease, hereditary hemochromatosis, phenylketonuria. Human autosomal: recessive disorder in iron metabolism. Mutations in gene involved in iron absorption. The excess iron absorbed from the gut and pathologic iron overload in the body tissue. Cirrhosis (hepatic damage), bronzing of skin, diabetes (pancreatic damage) A human autosomal: recessive disorder in phenylalanine metabolism. Mutation in the gene that metabolize phenylalanine. Buildup of phenylalanine results in brain damage. The science of heritable changes in gene function that occur without a change in the dna sequence. April 14, 2003: successful completion of the human genome.
