BMB 401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Spliceosome, Intron, Polyadenylation

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Rna transcription is mediated by 3 polymerases: rnapi, ii and iii. Rnapi is involved in synthesis of rrna precursors, rnapii works with mrna synthesis and rnapiii mediates pre(cid:272)ursor s(cid:455)(cid:374)thesis" of trna. (cid:373)rna, trna a(cid:374)d rrna are the (cid:1007) t(cid:455)pes of rna i(cid:374)(cid:448)ol(cid:448)ed i(cid:374) rna translation and protein synthesis. You can see how the polymerases mediate rna transcription. The rnaps u(cid:374)dertake s(cid:455)(cid:374)thesis of a(cid:374) rna stra(cid:374)ds usi(cid:374)g h(cid:455)drol(cid:455)sis of ppi. The(cid:455) also do(cid:374)"t ha(cid:448)e (cid:1007)" 5" e(cid:454)o(cid:374)u(cid:272)lease a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)it(cid:455) (cid:271)ut the(cid:455) ha(cid:448)e (cid:448)arious proofreadi(cid:374)g a(cid:271)ilities. Rna tra(cid:374)s(cid:272)riptio(cid:374) also happe(cid:374)s i(cid:374) 5" (cid:1007)" dire(cid:272)tio(cid:374) like i(cid:374) dna repli(cid:272)atio(cid:374). Rna tra(cid:374)s(cid:272)riptio(cid:374) also requires formation of a transcription bubble (think of dna replication bubble). Promoters refer to a flanking region close to the transcriptional start site (tss) that the rnap docks with. They also serve as the docking station for transcription factors. Enhancers recruit transcriptional activators and silencers recruit repressors.

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