BIL 250 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Genetically Modified Organism, Carboxypeptidase E, Mammary Gland

• School: University of Miami
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIL 250
• Professor: karenalvarezdelfin

Document Summary

Genetic engineering: alteration of an organism"s genome using recombinant dna technologies to add or remove a gene from the genome. Biotechnology is the use of living organisms to create a product or a process that helps improve life for humans or other organsims. Genetically engineered organisms synthesize a wide range of. Biopharming: production of proteins in genetically modified plants and animals. Synthetic human insulin was originally produced in bacteria. Preproinsulin, synthesized in the pancreas, is secreted from the cell, and its amino acids are cleaved to produce the mature insulin molecule containing 2 polypeptide chains. One gene product -> protein with quaternary structure. In the original bioengineering process, synthetic genes that encode a and b subunits were constructed and inserted into a separate vector, adjacent to the lacz gene. This was transcribed and translated as a unit producing a product called fusion protein purified from bacterial extracts. Cleaved to 2-chain active from, with a and b chain.