CHM 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Acid Strength, Stage Name, Litmus
25 Jun 2018
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Acids
sour
dissolve metals
neutralize Bases
Litmuspaper red
BinaryAcids Hydrogen anonmetals
oxyauds Hydrogen attachedto oxygen
Bases
bitter slippery
Neutralize Auds
Litmus paper blue
Indicators changecolordependingon asolution's acidityor basicity
Litmus
Phenolphthalein
pinkin base
colorless acid
DefnihonsofAadstBa
1Arrhenius
Acid Make Ht in solution
Base Make OA in solution
2Bronstad Lowry
Acid Ht proton donor
Base Ht proton acceptor must
contain an atomwunshared
pairof e
3Lewis
Acid
Base electron acceptor
electron donor
Arrhenius Acid Base Runs
acid base salt water
ex HCI tNa
OH Nacl saltrag Hole
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Bronstad Lowry
HAtBAtHBt
prognomort Ala tHpfoll Eb ag He Ot lag
Nlt
slag Hzoll NHut OH lag
proabaenptor BACA CB
aisubstancesthat can act as acid or base
ex 420
Conjugate Acid Base Parisconjugate
original Acid becomes base in reverse rxn
OriginalBase becomes404 in purse ryn
BACA CB
ABCA CB
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strong Acids strongelectrolyte strong Bases strong
electrolyte
Hd HCloy LtCat
HBr HNOz Nat Sr T
HI HzSOy Kt Batz
too anzanon water almost baseman arm
H30
TEstrongacid OH ions
weaker attractions longerbonds
Weakaudse
less
thanYionization in Hzo
Hosoi aweakacid
strongerbonds attractions
Trends in Acidity
stronger Acid Weaker ConjugateBase favorsforward our
weakeracid strong conjugate Base favors reverse an
Higheroxidation Number stronger Oxyacid
Cations stronger acids than neutral molecules
Neutral molecules strongerthen anone
stronger Acids greater
lion Aka
Watermolecules can form
ions through autoionization
It20 Htt 01T
Hot Hao Hzott
OH kw H3OJt OH
Aqueous solutionscontainboth HzotandOH N
concentrations
Kwe 10 71071014 at zgoe areequal
in Heo
Acid strength measured by size ofequilibriumconstantwhen
itreacts
with 420
AndIonization Constant Ka Ka Hot CA Ht AJ
largerka strongerAnd LitACHA
26
CHM 111 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
26 documents
Document Summary
Indicators blue changecolordepending on a solution"s acidity or basicity. Ht proton acceptor mustcontain an atom w unshared pairof e. Cb a i ex 420 substancesthat can act as acid or base. Conjugate acid base paris original acid becomes base in reverse rxn. Weaker conjugatebase strong conjugate base stronger oxyacid favorsforward our favors reverse an. Neutral molecules strongeracids than neutral molecules strongerthen anone stronger acids greaterlion. Acid strength measured by size of equilibrium constantwhenitreacts with 420. 1 15 i 1. 2 10 5 basic log ascot. Poh ph log9. 5 109 putt tug 7 i yer. Expressing the strength of an acid or base. Pp b dp keiyob smallerpka strongaadi strongerka strongbase stronger kb i smallerpkb. Assume complete ionization of sb and sa except in very dilute solutions. E 0. 250 x of a 250m hf sola kap 3. 5 10 4. 0. 0750 x ka k c 150 x. = 5. 2 * 10^-4 phs log 5. 2 10 ph i 3. 28.
