GSC 110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Chemical Element, Atomic Number, Ionic Radius

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Process: atoms > minerals > rocks > weathering > soil. Ions atoms with a charge + or - (more or less electrons than protons; # of electrons not equal to # of protons: an ion is a charged element. Cation atom that loses an electron & is left with a positive charge. Anion atom that gains an electron & is left with a negative charge. Bonds: 4 major types that form molecules: bonds forces that hold atoms together in a compound, create minerals; their hardness depends on the type of bond that occurs, transfer & sharing of electrons form strongest bonds. Ice is a mineral; has a unique chemical composition & a crystal form: ex: graphite (bonds sheets of c molecules that have covalent bonds), talc (sheet structure of bonded molecules), hydrogen bond in water. Ionic compounds, organize to form : enough bonds > mineral/crystal, crystal/mineral, combine to form , always combine for same crystal structure, rocks!

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