GEOG 170A1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Chromosome, Prokaryote, Mitosis
18 Sep 2015
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Document Summary
Division of eukaryotic cell typically occurs in 2 steps: division followed by cytoplasmic division. Pairs of chromosomes have same length and shape. Prokaryote have single piece of dna, a plastid. A cell cannot function without full component of dna. Each cell needs to have 1 copy of each chromosome. When a cell divides it is determined by gene expression. Other times it can stop the cycle from proceeding. Built in check pints allow problems to be fixed. When enough checkpoint mechanisms fail a cell loses control over its cell cycle. Offspring arises from 2 parents and it inherits genes from both adaptive trait can spread more quickly. Bacteria reproduces asexually each offspring is a clone of the past single cells eukaryotes can reproduce both ways (i. e. yeast) Somatic cells of humans and other sexually reproducing organisms have 1 pair of chromosomes of each pair being maternal. Except for a pairing of non-identical sex chromosomes.
