PSY 150A1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Problem Solving, Representativeness Heuristic, Availability Heuristic

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Mental representa(cid:2210)on, reasoning, and making judgements and decisions with regard to the informa(cid:2210)on. Conscious, planned attempts to understand and change the world. Mental images : mental representa(cid:2210)ons that stand for objects or events and have a picture-like quality. Mental categories used to group objects, rela(cid:2210)ons, events, abstrac(cid:2210)ons, or quali(cid:2210)es that have common proper(cid:2210)es. An example of a concept that matches the defining characteristic of a concept. Ex: car is a prototype of a vehicle. A process of cogni(cid:2210)on that occurs when a goal must be reached by thinking and behaving in certain ways. One possible solu(cid:2210)on a(cid:91)er another is tried un(cid:2210)l a successful one is found. Algorithms: very speci c, step-by-step procedures for solving certain types of problems. Heuristic: an (cid:318)educated guess(cid:319) based on prior experiences that helps narrow down the possible solu(cid:2210)ons for a problem. Insight: the sudden percep(cid:2210)on of a solu(cid:2210)on to a problem.

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