BIOL 2213 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Antibody, Phagocyte, Bronchiole

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rubyhedgehog729

27 Apr 2017

School

University of Arkansas

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 2213

Professor

Dr.Hill

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Document Summary

Filtration exceeds reabsorption (net loss of blood plasma at the capillaries) Two forces involved in bulk transport: hydrostatic pressure (water pressure/ blood pressure always high inside the capillary than outside) and net colloid osmotic pressure (pressure that makes osmosis occur) Hydrostatic pressure relative to the osmotic pressure: osmotic pressure stays the same throughout, but the hydrostatic pressure changes (35 in artery vs. 15 in vein) Osmolarity of interstitial fluid is low, not a lot of dissolved substances in the interstitial fluid. At the arteriole end, the hydrostatic pressure in the capillary and the net hydrostatic pressure exceeds the net osmotic pressure and we get filtration. At the venous end, the hydrostatic pressure has dropped and is lower than the osmotic pressure and we get absorption. Difference between net hydrostatic pressure and net osmotic pressure pressure outside (interstitial fluid) Hp drops as you go from arteriole side to venous side. A large portion of the blood is in the veins.

Related Questions

how to calculate net filtration pressure of capillary? and venous end?Capillary hydrostatic pressure at arterial end 35 mmHgPlasma colloid osmotic pressure 15 mmHgInterstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure 1 mmHgInterstitial fluid osmotic pressure 3 mmHg is the net filtration pressure greater at the arterial end of the capillary than the venous end or is it equal??

orangegrasshopper671

3. Ms. X is a 35 year old school teacher who suffers from acid indigestion and self-medicates by drinking baking soda dissolved in water.

Which acid-base disorder would you expect to develop in this client?

A. Respiratory Acidosis

B. Respiratory Alkalosis

C. Metabolic Alkalosis

D. Metabolic Acidosis

4. Ms. X is a 35 year old school teacher who suffers from acid indigestion and self-medicates by drinking baking soda dissolved in water.

What effect does metabolic acidosis have on respiratory rate?

	a.	decrease
	b.	increase
	c.	both increase and decrease
	d.	none of the above

5. When comparing systemic capillaries to pulmonary capillaries, which of the following statements is true?

	a.	The hydrostatic pressure at the arteriolar end of the systemic capillary is higher that the hydrostatic pressure at the arteriolar end of the pulmonary capillaries.
	b.	The hydrostatic pressure at the VENULAR end of the systemic capillary is LOWER than the hydrostatic pressure at the VENULAR end of the pulmonary capillaries.
	c.	The OSMOTIC pressure at the VENULAR end of the systemic capillary is LOWER than the osmotic pressure at the VENULAR end of the pulmonary capillaries.
	d.	None of the above

6. The osmotic pressure within a capillary is an absorptive force. The osmotic pressure develops as a result of which of the following?

	a.	carbohydrates
	b.	lipids
	c.	proteins
	d.	nucleic acids

7. Which of the following organs synthesizes albumin?

	a.	kidney
	b.	liver
	c.	spleen
	d.	heart

8. Ascites is due to which of the following?

	a.	liver dysfunction
	b.	reduced plasma albumin levels
	c.	excessive loss of fluid from to capillary into the interstitial space
	d.	all of the above

9. Which of the following diseases is associated with ascites?

	a.	alcoholism
	b.	MALNUTRITION
	c.	both a and b
	d.	none of the above

10. Which of the following tteatments isused to resolve ascites caused by alcoholic liver dicrease

	A.	paracentesis
	B.	liver transplant
	C.	CESSATION OF ALCOHO; COMSUMPTION
	D.	all of the above

QUESTION 11:

At pH 7.4, some of the H₂CO₃ produced from a reaction catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase immediately dissociates into

A. H⁺, CO₂

B. H⁺, HCO₃^-

C. OH^-, CO₂

D. OH^-, HCO₃^-

	a.	.
	b.	.
	c.	.
	d.	.

12. The pH of the patientâs blood is 7.7. The patient is alkalotic and her ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is

A. 10 to 1

B. 20 to 1

C. 30 to 1

D. 40 to 1

E. 50 to 1

13. THE NORMAL VALUE FOR THE BICARBONATE ION IS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?

	a.	240 mEq/l
	b.	24 mEq/L
	c.	40 mEq/L
	d.	none of the above

violetcattle746

QuestionGroup: #37 CNS

Assigned as

Homework

Which parts of the brain contribute to our social behavior?

Orbitofrontal cortex

Mirror neurons

Amygdala

All of these are correct

Answered

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QuestionGroup: #38 CNS2

Assigned as

Homework

Part of the explanation of long term memory is which of the following?

Long term potentiation between neurons and muscle cells

Long term potentiation between neurons

Short term translation

Long term transcription

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QuestionGroup: #39 PNS

Assigned as

Homework

The somatic component of the peripheral nervous system has which of the following characteristics?

It controls the smooth muscle in the blood vessels so that blood vessels can vasoconstrict or vasodilate

It controls the autonomic nervous system so it indirectly controls heart rate

It controls your skeletal muscle so you can answer this question by pushing on the keyboard

It controls the smooth muscle in your intestinal tract so it controls peristalsis

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QuestionGroup: #40 Smooth/skeletal

Assigned as

Homework

Which of the following is NOT a part of a skeletal muscle cell?

Motor neurons

Nuclei

Sarcomeres

Actin

Myosin

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QuestionGroup: #41 Cardio

Assigned as

Homework

Which part of the circulatory system has the highest pressure?

Veins

Capillaries

Arteries

Aorta

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QuestionGroup: #42 Cardio2

Assigned as

Homework

Where do the electrical signals originate in your heart?

SA node

Internodal tracts

His-Purkinje System

AV node

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QuestionGroup: #43 Blood pressure

Assigned as

Homework

There was a horrific traffic accident and you run to help the victims. You feel a pulse from his carotid artery ,however the medic comes along and gets no blood pressure as he measures it from the arm. He claims the victim is dead. You think which of the following?

Medic is not correct since it is the difference between heart rate and blood pressure that determines life. No heart rate only means tha the sympathetics have stopped vasoconstricting the blood vessels.

Medic is correct since it is common to not have a blood pressure of 120/80 and no pulse due to stress as was discussed in class.

Medic is incorrect since there is a pulse. This means the person is still alive.

Medic is correct since there is no blood pressure there is no life.

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QuestionGroup: #44 Blood pressure2

Assigned as

Homework

Which side of the capillary bed has the higher oncotic pressure?

venous and lymph

arterial and lymph

lymph

venule side

arterial side

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QuestionGroup: #45 Capillaries

Assigned as

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If the hydrostatic pressure is higher in the interstitial space rather than the capillary, which of the following will occur?

(2),(3)

(1),(2),(3)

(3) Decreased hydrostatic pressure in the arterial end of the capillary

(2) Decreased hydrostatic pressure in the venous end of the capillary

(1) No change in the hydrostatic pressure since this pressure is maintained regardless of external pressures.

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QuestionGroup: #46 Respiration/ ventilation

Assigned as

Homework

The left atrium is damaged and is generating a great resistance to blood coming from pulmonary vein. What happens due to this pressure?

Back up of blood in the pulmonary artery which causes pulmonary capillary edema

Generation of back flow into the inferior vena cava

Generation of coronary artery edema

Back up of blood in the pulmonary vein which causes pulmonary capillary edema

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QuestionGroup: #47 Respiration/ventilation 2

Assigned as

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Edema in the pulmonary circulation refers to which of the following?

additional fluid in the trachea

additional interstitial fluid

additional surfactant

additional capillary fluid

additional intracellular fluid

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QuestionGroup: #48 Cell communication

Assigned as

Homework

What is the definition of a signaling pathway?

All the proteins in the nucleus

All the cell molecules in the mitochondria

A group of genes that control mitosis

A specific chemical pathway that is activated by the ligand/receptor complex.

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QuestionGroup: #49 Hormone/ menstruation

Assigned as

Homework

Which hormone directly causes ovulation?

Follicle stimulating hormone

Lutenizing hormone

Progesterone

Estrogen

All of these

BIOL 2213 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Antibody, Phagocyte, Bronchiole

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