BIOL 1081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Middle Lamella, Cell Membrane, Microtubule

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25 May 2018
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Ch. 4 LO- 3 Tuesday
Tuesday, September 12th
Cytoskeleton, Extracellular structures, & Cell Connections Reading: Sections 4.6-4.8 in textbook
1. Compare and contrast the structure and functions of different fibers in the cytoskeleton.
Microfilaments
o Actin
o 7nm in diameter
o 2 protein chains loosely twined together
o Polarity, + and ends
o Form spontaneously in test tubes
o Function- cellular movements, contraction, crawling, pinching during division, cytokinesis,
formation of cellular extensions
Microtubules
o Largest, hollow tubes
o 25 nm in diameter, 13 protein protofilaments
o Function-facilitate cellular movement, organize cytoplasm, responsible for moving
material within cell itself
Intermediate filaments
o Most durable, tough fibrous proteins twined together in overlapping arrangement
o 8-10 nm in diameter
o keratin
o Function- do not break down
2. Describe the role of microtubules and motor proteins in intracellular transport.
Form a polarized network allowing organelles and proteins to move throughout the cell
3. Identify the different cytoskeletal elements involved in cell movement, and describe how they
accomplish it.
Crawling- arrangement of actin
Flagella and cilia aid in movement- 9+2 structure, microtubules move past each other (undulates)
4. Describe the composition and functions of the cell walls and extracellular matrices surrounding the
plasma membrane of many eukaryotes. See book chart
Plants and protists- cellulose
o Primary walls
o Sticky middle lamella
o Secondary walls
Fungi- chitin
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