BIOL 1081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Cleavage Furrow, Prophase, Cytoskeleton
Ch. 10 LO
Cell cycle, cell division and Mitosis Textbook Reading: Sections 10.1-10.5
1. List the normal functions of cell division and the cell cycle.
• Cell Division
o Produces 2 new cells with the same genetic information as the original
o Reproduce entire organism
o Growth and repair of tissues in multicellular animals
o Formation of gametes for sexual reproduction
• Cell Cycle
o Carefully regulated stages of growth, DNA replication, and division that produces 2
identical cells
2. Describe sexual and asexual reproduction, and binary fission in prokaryotes (bacteria)
• Sexual reproduction
o Production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two
individuals of different types
o Fusion of gametes
• Asexual reproduction
o Offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only
o No fusion of gametes, and never changes the number of chromosomes
• Binary Fission
o Asexual reproduction where a cell divides giving rise to two cells, each having the
potential to grow to the size of the original cell
o Full grown parent cell splits into two halves producing 2 new cells.
▪ After replicating its genetic material, the cell divides into 2 nearly equal sized
daughter cells
3. Describe the structure and function of chromosomes.
• Structure
o Chromatin- complex of DNA and protein
o 40% DNA
o 60% protein
o RNA
o Single DNA molecule that run uninterrupted through length
o Nucleotides coiled around histone protein (+ charged)
o Nucleosome- complex of DNA and histone proteins → coiled further into compact
structure solenoid
• Function
o Carry genetic information of an organism and distribute evenly during cell division
o Keep it compacted
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com