PHIL 1102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Ad Hominem, False Dilemma, Begging
10 May 2017
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Ad hominem: this fallacy occurs when, instead of addressing someone"s argument or position, you irrelevantly attack the person or some aspect of the person who is making the argument. The fallacious attack can also be direct to membership in a group or institution. Example: we shouldn"t have to read this book by freud everybody knows he did cocaine. Appeal to ignorance: this fallacy occurs when you argue that your conclusion must be true, because there is no evidence against it. This fallacy wrongly shifts the burden of proof away from the one making the claim. Example: a: come on, let"s hook up. b: why should i? a: why shouldn"t you? . Begging the question: the fallacy of begging the question occurs when an argument"s premises assume the truth of the conclusion, instead of supporting it. In other words, you assume without proof the stand/position, or a significant part of the stand, that is in question.
