ANTH 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Pastoralism, Overgrazing, Bachelor Herd
1 Jun 2018
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Tuesday, May 15, 2018 Lecture Notes
Turkeys (cont.)
• Turkeys
o Wild ancestor of our domestic Turkey is the South Mexican Turkey (Meleagris
gallopavo gallopavo) but is heavily mixed.
o Turkey were likely domesticated between 800 and 100 BC and are clearly present
in Tehuacan by AD 180.
o Societies in the southwestern United States also had domestic Turkeys between
200 BC and AD 500, from a separate domestication.
• Modern Turkeys
o Mix of European and North American breeding.
o Major size changes in its evolution. Modern large size is from the wild eastern
North American Turkey.
o Potent new world symbol.
Elephants, Reindeer, Water Buffalo, Old World Camels
• Old World Camels (Dromadary and Bactrian)
o Camels are even-toed ungulates without horns. They have canines and long hind
limbs attached to the body at the thigh.
o Two Types- Bactrian (Camelus bactrianus, with two humps and from central
Asia), and Arabian Camel (Camelus dromedarius, with one hump, from the
hottest of deserts).
• Camel Adaptation
o Physical and behavioral adaptations- They have a pad of the foot that allows
movement in the hot deserts, they disperse heat well, have low water
requirements, and can withstand a restricted diet. Obstinate and aggressive
behavior is an adaptation to living on the edge.
o Symbiosis between humans and camels- they maintain a home range, are good at
following paths, and humans provide water.
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
200 bc and ad 500, from a separate domestication: modern turkeys, mix of european and north american breeding, major size changes in its evolution. Modern large size is from the wild eastern. North american turkey: potent new world symbol. Elephants, reindeer, water buffalo, old world camels: old world camels (dromadary and bactrian, camels are even-toed ungulates without horns. They have canines and long hind limbs attached to the body at the thigh: two types- bactrian (camelus bactrianus, with two humps and from central. During mating season, there are three herds- male with females, bachelor herd, and females with small young. Dominance hierarchy without territoriality: camels have an important adaptation and have been only slightly altered, uses include food, wool, milk, draught, and dung. War has historically been important: arabian camel pastoralism (bedouin herders, the camel is the largest domesticate in north arabia. Milk and transport are the most important uses.
