HIST 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Ishtar Gate, Fertile Crescent, Apex Tool Group

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Location is a very important reason for the urbanization of the ancient east. The most dangerous animal in this area is the hippopotamus which translates to river horse. Mesopotamia was the site of the first urban centers in the world. There is a bunch of green fertile land around the rivers. The cities will be away from rivers because of the flooding of the rivers. This is a very common issue in that area. The fertile crescent is mostly wheat and barley. Rainfall maps are approx. the same shape as the maps for the fertile crescent. The resources are not close to the food resources, so the people either had to trade or conquer to get access to minerals such as gold or silver as well as have a stable supply of food. First settlements where near water and food, that place generally was near a river because rivers provide a very large source of food and water.

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