BCS 242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Pseudobulbar Palsy, Multiple Sclerosis, Autoimmune Disease
18 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Multiple sclerosis: an immune-mediated process in which there is some abnormal response from immune system targeting healthy tissue in cns. Primary damage to myelin, oligodendrocytes (produce myelin) Widespread demyelinization, formation of plaques ms. Axonal loss, scarring from myelin damage ms. Nerve impulses become distorted/interrupted wide variety of symptoms. With damage & progression, remyelinization can stop due to attacks to oligodendrocytes: most common presenting symptoms. Sensory disturbance in limbs one side of body numbness, etc. Vision loss partial/complete one eye at a time, pain with eye movement. Tingling, pain in parts of body gait impairments, balance difficulties. Electric shock sensation with neck movements (ie. , bending forward) Establish dissemination of at least 2 lesions in location, time rule out other diagnoses. Mri can distinguish between old & new lesions enough to. Ms progressions on mri make diagnosis: fazekas measure: shows small, punctate lesions in white matter. With progression, white matter lesions become more confluent &
