HIS 143 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Kangxi Emperor, Nurhaci, Yongzheng Emperor

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Nurhaci (1559-1626) the great khan of the manchus, considered a barbarian by the chinese. Wanted to invade china to save the chinese. Dynasty went on to double the size of china. The qing was a multi-ethnic and multi-linguistic empire. it had four languages, tibetan, chinese, manchu, and mongolian. Western trade was restricted to the southern city of canton. Morality is the key to social & political order. The model for moral society is the past. Virtue is cultivated through education & manifested through ritual. Virtue is based on proper relationships between superiors and inferiors (no equals) Value on group harmony over individual freedom. Pool of talent for government offices, supports minimalist government, social stability by providing social mobility, administrative continuity during dynastic change. Change was not dependant on the west. Minimalist government has difficulties dealing with growing population. Population growth strained the resources of the small government. Military decline after 200 years of peace.

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