BIOL 134 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Bactericide, Ciprofloxacin, Antimicrobial Resistance
Document Summary
Broad: kills many different genera of bacteria. Narrow: kills one or a few genera or species of bacteria. Drugs that are selectively toxic for bacteria. Causes bacterial cells to die by doing permanent damage. Most require that bacteria are growing/dividing to work. Damage is reversible, removal = resume growth. This allows the immune system to gain an advantage. First generatio(cid:374) of pe(cid:374)i(cid:272)illi(cid:374) did(cid:374)"t (cid:449)ork agai(cid:374)st gra(cid:373) (cid:374)egati(cid:448)es. We"(cid:448)e altered the stru(cid:272)ture so it (cid:272)a(cid:374) get through. Mechanism: blocks synthesis of peptidoglycan cell walls. The cell grows, the cell wall stretches (like a sweater), synthesis proteins keeps it together. Penicillin blocks synthesis proteins so the (cid:272)ell (cid:449)all does(cid:374)"t hold together. Dna is torn apart as it attemps to unwind. Sulfa drugs act as competitive inhibitors for the enzyme that converts paba into folate, needed for dna synthesis. Human cells do not use paba to make folate. Some bacteria are naturally resistant to some antibiotics.
