ESS 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Conchoidal Fracture, Dacite, Feldspar

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26 Feb 2017
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Minerals are the building blocks of rock and solid earth, all minerals: have a specific chemical composition, have a specific atomic arrangement (crystal form, are solid. Minerals can form during crystallization of magmatic melt. Basalt is composed of minerals that crystalize from magma derived from a partial melt of the asthenosphere, these crystals are too small to see with the naked eye. Andesite is composed of minerals that crystallize from magma derived from partial melt of basaltic ocean crust, large plagioclase crystals are cooled slowly underground. Minerals can precipitate directly from an aqueous solution, such as salt deposits from a lake. The arrangement of the constituent atoms will define the crystal form of a mineral providing the crystal can grow in an unrestricted environment. Six major crystal systems that may form as constituent atoms arrange themselves during the growth of minerals: all famous gems of the world represent one of these crystal systems.

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