NUTR 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Adrenal Gland, Evaporation, Hypernatremia
16 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Require for fluid and electrolyte balance and many metabolic reactions. Osmosis: water molecules moves to side with higher solute concentration. Evaporation of water from the skin cools the skin and the blood. Actual needs vary with age, body size, health status, physical activity level, environment. Secretes antidiuretic hormone - instructs kidneys to retain fluid. Initiates renin-angiotensin response that reduces amounts of fluid excreted. Can happen when excessive sodium losses replaced with water alone. Can result in a dilution of sodium in the blood (hyponatremia) Mineral substances that dissociate into positive or negative charged ions. Associated with blood pressure and ph balance in the body. Assists in the transport of certain nutrients (e. g. , glucose) into the body cells. Hypernatremia: high na levels congestive heart failure or kidney disease. Results in high blood volume, edema, and high blood pressure. Hyponatremia: low na levels, results from prolonged vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating with only water replacement.
