CHI 120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Ampersand
4/12/18 – IN-TEXT CITATIONS
In-text Citations
• Author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text. For
some cases the page numbers should also be included.
• The complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper.
In-text Citations: Short Quotations
• If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication,
and page number for the reference (preceded by "p.").
o Examples:
▪ According to Bandura (1995), studets self-esteem can influence their
deisios" p. , this a e a reaso why…
▪ Badura foud that studets self-esteem can influence their decisions"
(p. 199), this can be a reason why.
• If the author is not named in the beginning of the phrase, include the author's last name, the
year of publication, and the page number in parentheses after the quotation.
o Example:
▪ She stated, "Students can present high levels of stress" (Higgins, 1998, p. 199),
ut she realized that this was ot…
In-text Citations: Paraphrasing
• If you are paraphrasing an idea from another work it is not required to include the page number,
but APA encourage you to do it.
• Examples:
o According to Jones (1998), self-esteem can be an important variable when students take
decisions.
o Self-esteem can be an important variable when students take decisions. (Jones, 1998, p.
199).
Number of Authors
• A Work y Two Authors: Nae oth authors. Depedig o the ase, use & or ad.
o Example:
▪ Durig the ’s there were a lot ditators rulig Lati Aeria Gozález & Pitt,
1994)
▪ Research by González and Pitt (1994) supports the idea tha i Lati Aeria…
• A Work by Three to Five Authors: List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the
first time you cite the source. Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text
and use the ampersand in parentheses.
o Example:
▪ (Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993)
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