HIS 9A Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Cohong, Yongzheng Emperor, Comprador

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12 Dec 2017
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Officials now (cid:862)gent(cid:396)y(cid:863)/ (cid:862)s(cid:272)hola(cid:396) offi(cid:272)ials(cid:863) o(cid:396) (cid:862)lo(cid:272)al elite(cid:863: officials, other wealthy and locally powerful people. Farmers: some farmers can be a tenant and landholder at the same time. Merchants: merchants comprador with foreign traders, merchants still have low social status. Officials, wealthy merchants, local elites- but even some bondservants. Tenants, wage la(cid:271)ou(cid:396)e(cid:396)s, (cid:862)ba(cid:396)e ti(cid:272)ks(cid:863) men who cannot afford to get married. Perhaps highest per capita incomes in world. Qianlong (the third and the great emperor) A filial son, (cid:396)eti(cid:396)ed (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause he didn"t want to (cid:271)e on th(cid:396)one longe(cid:396) than his fathe(cid:396)". Yellow river floods in early 1800s (massive famine, government could not handle the emergency and lowered their supports) Indisputable, western challenge is new and different for china. The western challenge- the people who are interested in going to china. The traders: first spain, portugal, by 18th century, dutch, english and us, english then increasing more dominantly.

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