MIC 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Reagent, Allolactose, Adenylyl Cyclase

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3 mechanism: enzyme activity, enzyme amount, reactant concentrations, modulating enzyme activity and amount leads to modulating reactant concentration. Allosteric interactions: protein binds an allosteric effector which alters its conformation and activity, modulator can be a metabolite, protein and rna, does not bind to catalytic site, does not need to resemble the enzyme substrate. Allostery in biosynthesis: example: histidine, histidine allosterically inhibits the first enzyme in histidine biosynthesis, pretty much every building block regulates its own synthesis this way, this is feedback inhibition. Because these pathways are so interconnected and reversible, allosteric. Cell tries to maintain a stable energy charge. More adp and mp = lower energy charge. Lower energy charge -> increases atp generating pathways, decreasing. Multiple opportunities to regulate how much protein is made or how much protein sticks around. Features of the lac operon: structural genes (lac zya, promoter (p, operator (o, regulatory gene (lacl) Lacl is made by default: binds to operator sequence, dramatically lowers operon transcription.

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