POL 140D Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Switched Multi-Megabit Data Service, Underrepresented Group, Electoral District
30 Aug 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Women and numerical minorities tend to be in office less than others. Quota: specify minimum # of candidates (or even open spots on lists) that must be women. Reservation seats: certain seats are guaranteed to members of certain groups (ethnic or gender) 2 electoral system factors especially important in shaping uug representation: candidate/party-centered rules, personalistic systems harder for ug. Can vote against individuals from groups you don"t like. Also, what kind of background needed to do well in personalistic system? need connections. Raising a family, having kids: party-oriented systems easier for ug: Highly permissive system makes is so a minority is especially more likely to get representation: permissive promotes ethnic parties. Smd especially plurality, only one seat and need a large number of votes; need good connections. In advanced democracies: in pr ~20% female, in smds ~9% female. Looking at mixed-member systems, we can see that women are not equally successful under pr everywhere.
