PSC 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Operant Conditioning Chamber, Classical Conditioning, Influence Of Mass Media
PSC 001 – Lecture 11 – Learning Day 2
● Operant Conditioning
○ Operant conditioning: A learning process in which the consequences of an action
determine the likelihood that it will be performed in the future
■ Also known as instrumental conditioning
○ La of effet: ay ehaior that leads to a satisfyig state of affairs is likely to
recur
○ Operant chamber (Skinner box)
■ Lever connected to food dispenser
■ Eventually presses lever at random & receives food
■ Now more likely to press lever in the future
○ Elements of Operant Conditioning
■ Reinforcer: a stimulus that follows a response and increases the
likelihood that the response will be repeated
■ Shaping: Technique used to gradually shape behaviors
● Behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior are
reinforced
■ Reiforeet: Ireases a ehaior’s proaility of reurrig
■ Punishment: Decreases the probability of behavior
● Opposite of reinforcement
○ Reinforcement & Punishment
■ Can both be either positive or negative
■ does NOT mean good vs. bad
■ Positive (+): Stimulus added, is present
■ Negative (-): Stimulus removed, is absent
■ Positive reinforcement: Adding a stimulus to increase the probability of a
behavior being repeated
■ Negative reinforcement: Removing a stimulus to increase the probability
of a behavior being repeated
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
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