ANATOMY 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Intestinal Gland, Ileocecal Valve, Coeliac Disease
22 May 2018
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Histology:
Fingerlike projections: Villi
Grooves in surface going down to tissue are: Crypts
White dots: Goblet cells
On every villi and crypt there are enterocytes that allow for nutrient absorption
Layer of epithelium is known as the mucosal layer
Then you have the submucosa
And then you have smooth muscle layer
And then connective tissue of serous membrane
Celiac Disease
-An allergy to the gluten protein which is found in grains and wheat.
-If you have an allergy to it it can make you sick
-If you eat a lot of gluten and you have celiac disease, gluten will get to small intestines and it
will cause all the cells in your small intestine to get inflamed.
-Everything Is inflamed, a lot of blood flow in there, increased cell death, buildup of scar tissue
over time
-If you are consistently eating wheat and have gluten allergy, you will damage the wall of your
intestines. The finger projections will go away and it will be a mess
-Losing villi over time will decrease the efficiency of nutrient absorption
Large intestine: Short and fat
Three finger widths in diameter
Has a very specific purpose
Major components first-
• Enter large intestine after you are done going into large intestine through ileocecal
valve, which will close off the opening to your large intestine (opening from ilieum, last
part of small intestine, to opening of secum).
• Cecum is large fat part of large intestine and it is a food collecting area. It will fill in and
sit inside the cecum.
• As food enters into the cecum, it just hangs out there for a while
• The cecum is first area you enter, and then after you leave the ceum, you get to the
ascending colon.
• Right angle turn known as the Right colic flexure
• Transverse colon
• Left colic flexure
• Descending colon runs downwards until you run into S shaped curve called sigmoid
colon
• Get to rectum, holding area for poop
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Document Summary
Grooves in surface going down to tissue are: crypts. On every villi and crypt there are enterocytes that allow for nutrient absorption. Layer of epithelium is known as the mucosal layer. An allergy to the gluten protein which is found in grains and wheat. If you have an allergy to it it can make you sick. If you eat a lot of gluten and you have celiac disease, gluten will get to small intestines and it will cause all the cells in your small intestine to get inflamed. Everything is inflamed, a lot of blood flow in there, increased cell death, buildup of scar tissue over time. If you are consistently eating wheat and have gluten allergy, you will damage the wall of your intestines. The finger projections will go away and it will be a mess. Losing villi over time will decrease the efficiency of nutrient absorption.
