ANATOMY 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Gastric Pits, Gastric Glands, Goblet Cell
22 May 2018
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Stomach:
Esophagus enters into the cardia (first region when you enter stomach). The part above the
cardia and where the esophagus comes in is called the Fundus.
In the middle it is called the body
Antrum is the final region of the stomach before it narrows down again
Pylorus is where you have another sphincter called the pyloric sphincter
The stomach has two more curves:
Lesser and greater curvature. Everyones stomach is differet. Some are more curved and some
are more straight.
The duodenum
The stomach has Rugae
The smooth muscle of your stomach takes the food and kneads it, mashes it, so that it is broken
down into smaller pieces and easier to absorb nutrients from. Having layers of smooth muscle
is beneifical so it can further digest food into paste so it is digestable for your intestines.
Ridges of stomach called Rugae increase the surface area of the stomach. The stomach is kind
of like a prune. When you eat too much food it stretches out so wrinkles flatten out.
Digestion: Mechanical and Chemical
Chemical Digestion: Specialized cells in the walls of the stomach that do different things
When you look at the walls of the stomach, you see a lot of little holes in the surface of the
stomach. Those holes are responsible for containing the cells that create chemicals for
digestion. These holes are called gastric pits.
Those pits are going to be along the surface of the stomach. The surface of the stomach has a
lot of mucus production going on and there are a lot of Goblet cells throughout the entire
stomach, as well as throughout the entire digestive system.
Mucus:
1. Provides insulation to protect walls of stomach from acids and proteins it secretes to digest
food
2.
In the mucosa we see different kinds of cells:
-Mucus neck cells- These are specialized goblet cells that produce mucus to help protect walls
of stomach, specifically walls of the gastric pit. Gastric pit is opening and top part of hole whle
gastric gland is deepest part of the pit.
-Parietal cell- Responsible for producing acids (hydrochloric acid breaks down food in our
stomach) (exocrine cell)
-Chief cell- Responsible for secreting protein known as pepsinogen. This is a protein secreted by
chief cells which helps breaks down more proteins. Pepsinogen gets released in an inactive
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Document Summary
Esophagus enters into the cardia (first region when you enter stomach). The part above the cardia and where the esophagus comes in is called the fundus. In the middle it is called the body. Antrum is the final region of the stomach before it narrows down again. Pylorus is where you have another sphincter called the pyloric sphincter. Some are more curved and some are more straight. The smooth muscle of your stomach takes the food and kneads it, mashes it, so that it is broken down into smaller pieces and easier to absorb nutrients from. Having layers of smooth muscle is beneifical so it can further digest food into paste so it is digestable for your intestines. Ridges of stomach called rugae increase the surface area of the stomach. The stomach is kind of like a prune. When you eat too much food it stretches out so wrinkles flatten out.
