ASIANAM 50 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Trobriand Islands, Domain Model, Staple Food

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peachcricket859

27 Jun 2016

School

UC-Irvine

Department

Asian American Studies

Course

ASIANAM 50

Professor

Dorothy Fujita- Rony

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Document Summary

Matriliny in the trobriands: matrilineage and matriclan passed to ego through mother. Baloma: when one dies the spirit goes off to to the spirit island as a baloma. It then becomes associated with the spirit child called a waiwaia. The waiwaia would travel to the trobriand islands and then put the spirit in and impregnate a woman. Men would inherit from men in their own matrilineage. So a man would inherit from mother"s brother and would inherit to the sister"s sons. Have lots of sex with mother to help contribute with the form of the. Once the child was done nursing, the child would spend time with the father. Help their children become beautiful by providing jewelery. A child without jewelery was a child without a father. The love of the father that shapes them as a whole human being politically, socially, emotionally. It was an insult to say that you look like your mother.

Related Questions

1. A mother with blood type A has a child with blood type A. Give all possible blood types for the father of this child.

a.) O

b.) B, AB

c.) A, AB

d.) A, B, O

e.) A, B, AB, O

2.) In sesame, the one-pod condition (P) is dominant to three-pod (p), and normal leaf (W) is dominant to wrinkled (w). These characteristics assort independently. A one-pod, wrinkled leaf Ã one-pod, normal leaf cross gave a progeny of 654 one-pod, normal leaf plants and 224 three-pod, normal leaf plants. What are the likely genotypes of the parents in this cross?

		a.) Pp ww Ã Pp Ww
b.)		Pp Ww Ã Pp Ww
c.)		Pp ww Ã Pp WW
d.)		PP Ww Ã Pp ww
	e.)	PP ww Ã PpWw

3.) Honeybees have a haplo-diploid sex determination system where females develop from a fertilized egg (they are diploid, having one allele from the female queen and one allele from the male), and males develop from unfertilized eggs (they are haploid, having only one allele from the queen). Assuming that the queen is heterozygous for a particular gene, what is the probability that a female will inherit the recessive allele from her mother? What is the probability that a male will inherit a recessive allele from his mother?

		a.) The probability that a daughter will inherit a recessive allele from her mother is 50%; the probability that a son will inherit a recessive allele from his mother is 100%.
		b.) The probability that a daughter will inherit a recessive allele from her mother is 100%; the probability that a son will inherit a recessive allele from his mother is 50%.
		c.) The probability that a daughter will inherit a recessive allele from her mother is 50%; the probability that a son will inherit a recessive allele from his mother is 50%.
		d.) The probability that a daughter will inherit a recessive allele from her mother is 100%; the probability that a son will inherit a recessive allele from his mother is 100%.

4.) Human males, with XY chromosomes are _____ and produce two different kinds of gametes, whereas females with XX chromosomes are _____ and produce only one kind.

a.)		homogametic; heterogametic
		b.) pleiotropic: epistatic
		c.) heterogametic; homogametic
		d.) epistatic; pleiotropic

5.) A chi-square test is done to test the hypothesis that a set of data represents a F₂ ratio of 9:3:3:1. The degree(s) of freedom that should be used is:

		a.) 1
		b.) 2
		c.) 3
		d.) 4 I DON'T KNOW HOW TO DO THESE PROBLEMS, I WOULD REALLY APPRECIATE SOME HELP AND EXPLANATION ON HOW TO WORK OUT THESE PROBLEMS. THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!!

1. Before bringing a new drug to the marketplace, extensivetesting is done on the drug by administering the drug to largenumbers of individuals. Explain the importance of the scientificmethod, sample size, controls and variable in the drug evaluationprocess.

2. List the four "large molecules of life." Identify theircomposition and structure, and describe one function that each ofthem performs in the cell.

3. How can you explain the occurrence of birth defects (causedby altered genes) in children and grandchildren of WWII atomic bombvictims, when the victims themselves were only mildly affected?

4. During the past 50 years, more than 200 species of insectsthat attack crop plants have become highly resistant to DDT andother pesticides. Based on what you have learned in this classregarding evolution, explain the rapid and widespread evolution ofresistance. Now that DDT has been banned in the US, what do youexpect to happen to levels of resistance to DDT among insectpopulations?

5. Water is crucial for life as we know it. One of the mostimportant characteristics of water is its ability to act as asolvent. Explain why water is such a good solvent for polar andcharged molecules.

6. Describe feeding relationships and energy flow in anecosystem, starting from producers. Use concepts such as trophiclevels, food chains, food webs, ecological pyramids.

7. Man has contributed significantly to the many environmentalproblems of the world including loss of biodiversity. Describe howthis particular problem can be solved.

8. Describe in your own words how antibiotic resistance comesabout.

9. Compare and contrast photosynthesis and respiration in termsof the organisms involved; the reactants; the type of energyprocess; and the organelles involved

10. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disorder. Thedisorder allele, which we will call a, is located on an autosome.What are the chances that parents with each of the followinggenotypes will have a child with this disorder? Show all yourworking for each.

aa x Aa
Aa x Aa
AA x aa
Aa x AA

11. Your friend explains to youthat her father has hemophilia, a genetic disorder that affects theprocess of blood clotting, so that his blood does not clot; but hermother does not, have it, she is healthy as far as this disorder isconcerned.

Knowing that the inheritance pattern for this disorder issex-linked, explain to your friend why it is more common for malesto inherit a sex-linked trait.
Using punnet square, indicate the probability that a brother ofyour friend would have hemophilia, assuming that her mother carriestwo functional copies of the gene involved in this sex-linkedrecessive disorder. Explain your answers fully.

apricotant790

Case Study Section 4 â Nitrogen Metabolism Based on âA Sickeningly Sweet Baby Boy: A Case Study on Autosomal Recessive Inheritanceâ by Jacqueline Washington and Anne Zayaitz (National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science) The Patient: Mathew Miller is a 7-day-old infant that is rushed to the emergency room by his parents Emma and Jacob Miller, Mennonites from Lancaster County, PA. Emmaâs pregnancy and delivery with Mathew was normal but he started having trouble nursing and now has completely stopped feeding. By the time they reach the emergency room Mathewâs limbs were rigid and he had had a seizure. The initial examination showed no infection and his x-rays were normal. The family history collected by the Doctor revealed that Emma and Jacob had had a previous son, Samuel that died at 9 days-of-age. There also is a history of unexplained childhood mortality on both sides of the family; Emmaâs mother had two sisters who died in the first year of their lives and Jacobâs father had a sister who died at 7 months of age. Emma also points out to the Doctor that Mathewâs diaper has a funny smell to it. Blood and urine samples were taken for testing and skin biopsies from Mathew, Emma, and Jacob were taken and tested for enzyme activity. The tests results showed that:

â¢ Mathewâs urine had elevated levels of the branched chain amino acids and their Î±-keto acid derivatives (which caused the sweet smell in his diapers)

â¢ Both Emma and Jacobâs skin biopsies had nearly normal levels of branched chain amino acid metabolism/enzyme activity

â¢ Mathewâs enzyme activity was less than 2% of normal

Question 1: What is the most likely diagnosis for Mathew?

A. Argininemia

B. Diabetes mellitus '

C. Maple syrup urine disease

D. Phenylketonuria

Question2: What enzyme did the skin biopsy test measure?

A. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I

B. Alanine aminotransferase

C. Phenylalanine hydroxylase

D. Branched-chain Î±-keto acid dehydrogenase complex

Question 3: This enzyme functions VERY similarly to two other enzymes that we have discussed, what are they?

A. Phosphofructokinase-1 and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPAse-1)

B. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and Î±-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

C. Urease and arginase

D. Isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase

Question 4: How did Mathew (and presumably Samuel) inherit the disease if both Emma and Jacob have normal enzyme activity levels?

A. Emma and Jacob must both be carriers for the disease but their one normal gene is enough to maintain enzyme activity levels.

B. The disease can happen spontaneously, there is no genetic link.

C. Jacob is not really the father of the boys.

D. The disease can skip generations.

Question 5: What would be the best diet for Mathew to follow to control his disease?

A. Atkinâs diet (low carbohydrates, high fat, and high protein)

B. Low protein

C. Low fat

D. No special diet will control the disease

Over the next 4 years Mathewâs metabolic disease is controlled by his special diet but he still suffers approximately 3 metabolic crises a year. These occur when amino acids accumulate in his blood leading to the swelling of his brain. Even something as simple as a cold or the flu can affect his amino acid levels and send his metabolism into crisis. Jacob and Emma decide that âWe cannot continue to live in constant fear that a minor infection or a simple cold or ear infection could kill our son. Even though we are doing everything we are supposed to, he is still getting sick and we are afraid we may lose Mathew.â They learn that some children with Mathewâs disease have undergone liver transplants and are effectively cured.

Question 6: How/why would a liver transplant effectively cure Mathewâs condition?

A. A new liver would be able to spread itâs genes throughout the body and correct the genetic disorder.

B. A new liver would more effectively respond to metabolic hormonal control.

C. A new liver would express the functional enzyme needed to metabolize the amino acids causing Mathewâs condition.

D. A new liver would produce more hemoglobin to transport oxygen more effectively.

The family is directed to Dr. Morton of Childrenâs Hospital of Pittsburgh, where transplant experts agree to list Mathew for a liver transplant. Jacob and Emma learn that children who receive a liver transplant have to take strong immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of their lives. It was also clear that there was a 40% possibility that Mathew could reject the liver and need a second transplant (which also might be rejected) or he could die from surgical complications.

Question 7: Assuming the liver transplant was successful and Mathew did not reject the new liver, what type of diet would Mathew be able to/need to eat?

A. He would still need to eat his special diet but he would be at less risk of a metabolic crisis

B. He could eat a normal diet

C. He would need to change to a high protein diet like Atkinâs

D. He would be on an all liquid diet

Question 8: Emma and Jacob decide they want to try to have another child. What would be the chance that this child would also have the disorder that Mathew and Samuel have/had?

A. 0 %

B. 25%

C. 50%

D. 75%

E. 100%

Question 9: If Mathew grew up, got married, and decided to have children, what would be the chance that his children would have the disorder? A. 0%, the liver transplant would have cured him

B. 25%

C. 50%

D. 100%

E. It would depend on his wife, if she was normal than there would be a 0% chance of his children having the disorder but 100% would be carriers, if she was a carrier than there would be a 50% chance of his children having the disorder and a 50% chance that they would be a carrier.

Question 10: The disorder is found in 1 in 200,000 infants throughout the US but 1 in 200 in the Amish and Mennonites of Lancaster County, PA. Why is there such a difference in the prevalence of the disease?

A. There are environmental factors associated with being Amish or Mennonites that increase the prevalence.

B. There is a large amount of genetic similarity within these populations because they tend to marry within the population so recessive disorders such as this are more likely.

C. The gene mutation is preferentially carried in Caucasians so when you average the prevalence across all races in the US the prevalence drops.

D. It is unknown why the prevalence is so much greater in Amish and Mennonites.

ASIANAM 50 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Trobriand Islands, Domain Model, Staple Food

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